401(k) Pretax Contribution

Roth 401(k) Contribution

After-Tax Contribution

Taxation of Contributions

Not taxed

Taxed

Taxed

Taxation of Distributions

Entire distribution is taxable

"Qualified" distributions are tax free

Contributions are distributed tax free; earnings are taxable

Vesting

100% immediate

100% immediate

100% immediate

Availability

Right to each rate of contributions is a BRF*

Right to Roth contributions is a BRF

Right to each rate of contributions is a BRF

Subject to 402(g) Limitations

Aggregated with Roth 401(k)

Aggregated with 401(k)

No

Nondiscrimination Testing

ADP: Aggregated with Roth 401(k)

ADP: Aggregated with 401(k)

ACP

Loans and Hardship Withdrawals

Yes

Yes

Yes

Other In-Service Distributions

Not before 59 ˝

Not before 59 ˝

Yes

Distributions at Separation From Service

Yes

Yes, but tax advantage lost unless after 59 ˝

Yes

10% Early Distribution Penalty

Yes

Yes, to the extent taxable

Yes, to the extent taxable

Eligibility for Rollover

Yes

Yes, to Roth IRA or another Roth account

Yes